Creating a forest garden :
Growing vegetables in layers just as nature intended is called Forest gardening.
It’s also a clever way to add more veggies, salads, herbs and fruit to any size plot by growing a diverse range of fruit, flowers, leaves and seeds to create a natural landscape, which looks appealing and suits you and your family.
Using small trees, shrubs, herbaceous perennials and climbing vines will add interest and variety covering every available space with maximum potential.
It is possible to create a similar effect with containers by either planting different layers in one large pot or using separate pots, grouping them together at varying heights, ideal for a balcony.
Growing mostly perennial crops and planting in layers will keep the soil covered and undisturbed , avoiding any digging which causes weeds to germinate. The key to retaining moisture is to reduce soil disturbance, allowing organic matter, like leaves and roots, to decompose, to be mixed into the soil by worms creating organic matter which holds moisture during drought.
Ideally there are 7 plant forms that create a layered forest garden, the choice of plants can be whatever suits personal taste. Try experimenting with different varieties keeping to the basic plant forms.
7 Plant forms that create a layered forest garden :
Subcanopy Trees: such as Apple, Pear or Plum.
Low-maintenance shrubs: Raspberries, Red or White Currant bushes, and Blueberry (Ericaceous soil)
Herbaceous Perennials (plants that die back into the ground each year with new growth the following year): Garlic, Chives, Lemon Verbena, Cardoon and Asparagus.
Climbers/Vines: on supports such as walls or trellis: Runner Beans, Sugar Snap Peas, Cucumber and Grapes.
Root Crops: Carrots, Parsnips, Beetroot and Radish.
Annuals: Tomatoes, Courgettes, Peppers, Cabbage, Kale, Spinach and Mizuna.
Ground Cover: Strawberries, Thyme, Nasturtiums and Chervil.